Aleksei Chernov sent me the following information:

In Russia, 1950-1980, ice axes were produced only at one factory, only one model, which changed its shape and logo at different times (they can all be traced by the stamp of the release date.) Ice axes could not be bought in stores, they were distributed from the factory to alpine camps. There were no commercial versions.

Key points:

• There was a ПК logo until 1963
  
• In 1962, the inscription "Ленинград" was added to the back of the beak.
  
• After 1963, the PC logo was changed to "Судостроительная верфь ВЦСПС" with an anchor in the middle. and the font "Ленинград" is being changed.3
  
  
• 1968. The shape of the ice axe is changing. The inscription "Ленинград" is being removed.3
  
• September 1969. The logo is being changed to "Судоверфь ВЦСПС" with the letter "Л" in the middle.3
  
• After 1971, the logo was changed to "ЛС"3
  
• In 1976, holes were added to the head and the hexagonal hole was returned to the blade, as in the 60s.3
  
• 1981 year. The shape of the ice axe and the Logo are changing. …This is the latest model with a wooden handle, because aluminum ones were produced.
  

↑ 430: Leningrad Experimental Shipyard of the VTsSPS

• Made in Russia [March 1969].
• 745x295 mm.
• Weight: 1065 g.
• Wood Shaft.
• Shaft: 36x25 mm.
• Fixed head.
• Straight adze with a curved edge and a moderate arch.
• Adze: 80(l)x68(w)x3(arch) mm.
• Curved alpine pick with a pointed tip and with 14 ventral teeth.
• Pick: 140(l)x22(h)x8(t) mm.
• Round spike.
• Spike: 48(l)x10(d) mm.
• Glide ring with an adjustable canvas leash.
• A heavy axe with a large head. The finish is poor, but this is still a quite servicable axe.
• Curved and arched adze edge with strongly rounded corners is not ideal for cutting flat steps.
• Round spike and tapered ferrule facilitate plunging this ice deep into hard snow.
• The logo was stamped very lightly and most of it did not register. The only part that I can read is “УДОСТРОИ” which I assume is part of the word “СУДОСТРОИ” {"SHIPBUILDING").

↑ 275: Leningrad Experimental Shipyard of the VTsSPS

• Made in Russia [1984].
• 605x245 mm.
• Weight: 850 g.
• Aluminum Shaft with Rubber Grip.
• Shaft: 32x22 mm. (Grip: 35x25 mm.)
• Fixed head with carabiner hole.
• Straight adze with a concave edge and no arch.
• Adze: 60(l)x45(w)x0(arch) mm.
• Curved alpine pick with a positive-clearance chisel tip and with 5 ventral teeth.
• Pick: 130(l)x25(h)x6(t) mm.
• Triangular spike.
• Spike: 40(l)x22(w)x6(t) mm.
• Adjustable web sling tied through hole in shaft.
• A short lightweight axe suitable for occassional use.
• Adze blade is welded to pick. Resulting weldment is sandwiched between two side pieces to form head.
• Western equipment was difficult to obtain during the Soviet era, so cavers and climbers at the Leningrad shipyard made many items for their use.